Psilocybe Cubensis | Psilopedia (2024)

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Psilocybe cubensis, like all mushrooms of the Psilocybe genus, have a hygrophanous nature, meaning their coloration shifts depending on hydration levels, however it is important to note that this trait is less pronounced in the P. cubensis species.They turn abluish color when handled or bruised,due to the oxidization of psilocin. The underside of the pileusis densely gilled, and they possess a thin gelatinous veil (pellicle)separating the pileusand stipe.

Pileus(caps)generally measure from 15-80mmin diameter.Early in the fruiting cycle they areoften concicalopening to broadly convex, frequently with acentral umbo (bump) that remains as the cap opens out, becoming almost planein maturity.Pileus coloration ranges from reddish cinnamon brown in young fruiting bodiesand fades to a golden caramel or pale yellow when mature. Caps are sometimesdarker at the centre, and speckled or mottled white throughout.

Lamella(gills)on the underside of the cap are moderately crowded, narrow at margins and slightly enlarged in the centre.Starting out pale greyish, they gradually darken and by full maturity becomea purplish brown, often retaining paler at the edges.Lamella show through as lines orstriationson the outer part of the cap when fresh and under favourable lighting conditions.

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Stipe(stem/stalk) ranges from 40-150mm long and 5-15mm thick, and thickens towards the base in most strains (Transkei cubensis being a notable exception to this). Often the stipe is slightly curved, however relatively stiff and non-pliable.Whitish in colour, sometimes discoloured near the base and discolours slightly yellowish when dry.Alsowill quickly bruise blue when handled fresh. The stipe surface is smoothand often striated near the apex, above the annular zone. The base is frequently covered with white fluffy mycelial tufts.

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SporesDark purplish to brown when deposited and darkening with age, subellipsoid shape. Microscopic size ranging from 11.5-17x 8-11micrometers

Psilocybe Cubensishas afarinaceous(similar to freshly ground flour) odor and taste.

Psilocybe Cubensis, unlike most other Psilocybe members who prefer lichenous substrate, is found in naturefruiting on the dung of various bovines, or on well manuredgrounds.It has a well established natural range andhas been observed throughout the southwestern United States,Mexico, Cuba, Central America, South America, India, Southeast Asia, and Australia.

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Psilocybe cubensis can be observedin nature as visuallycongruent to the description above, however under artificial conditions it can be drastically different in appearance and effect. It has been favoured for decades among mycologists and cultivators because it ishighlyadaptable to a range of environments and more resistant to contamination than other Psilocybes. This specie as undergone extensive genetic isolation over the course of many decades, and therefore has artificially evolved increased potency and drasticallyvaried visual characteristics. There now exist over 60 distinct Psilocybe Cubensis "strains"